Nitrogen Mustard

Nitrogen mustard is a chemical compound, with chemical formula C₆H₁₃Cl₂N

It is composed of Carbon (C) , Hydrogen (H), Chlorine (Cl), and Nitrogen (N).
Nitrogen mustards can be clear, pale amber, or yellow-colored when in liquid or solid form.
The nitrogen mustards are also known by their military designations of HN-1, which was originally designed to remove warts but was later identified as a potential chemical warfare agent, HN-2, which was designed as a military agent but was later used in cancer treatment, and HN-3, which was designed solely as a military agent. Nitrogen mustards are not found naturally in the environment.

Nitrogen mustard is a blister agent, and exposure to it in liquid form is more likely to produce second- and third- degree burns and later scarring than is exposure to nitrogen mustard vapor.
Extensive breathing in of the vapors can cause chronic respiratory disease and long-lasting eye problems. Nitrogen mustards may cause bone marrow suppression beginning as early as 3 to 5 days after exposure. Bone marrow suppression can cause anemia, bleeding, and increased risk for infection. If severe, these effects could lead to death. During the 1930's, several reports were published on the synthesis of nitrogen mustard agent and its remarkable blistering effect. The mechanism of action and symptoms largely agree with those described for mustard agent. Germans and Americans started the military production of nitrogen mustard agent in 1941 and 1943, respectively, whereas the development in England was abandoned following an explosion. There is no verified use of nitrogen mustard agents as chemical weapons and their usefulness is restricted by these types of agents being unsuitable for storage.

This chemical also affects  the environment, in which HN-2 decomposes before its boiling point is reached or condenses under all conditions; the reactions involved could generate enough heat to cause an explosion. Prolonged or repeated exposures to nitrogen mustards have caused cancer in animals. Some evidence exists that prolonged or repeated exposures to nitrogen mustards cause leukemia in humans. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Polymerization of HN-2 results in components that present an explosion hazard in open air. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air, presenting an explosion hazard indoors, outdoors, and in sewers. However, some studies show that because mustard changes to other chemicals in the environment, as it is highly reactive and decomposes in nature, it will not concentrate in plants or animals.
No specific antidote exists for nitrogen mustard exposure. Treatment consists of removing the nitrogen mustard from the body as soon as possible and providing supportive medical care in a hospital setting.